Effects of Betrayal in Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God :: Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays

Effects of Betrayal in Hurstons Their Eyes Were Watching GodThe first time single experiences betrayal from a close fri completion is the hardest situation to go through. Betrayal is clearly defined as to break the faith of an enemy, or to disclose a violation of confidence but more specifically, and with less clarity in real life situations, betrayal is a complex action that occurs to every peerless at just about point in life. For a person that has been betrayed before, the simple definition does not do justice to the effects betrayal has on their life or how one can be betrayed. Apparent examples can be seen in Their Eyes Were Watching God, for the main character is clearly betrayed many times in her life. The end product could potentially be worse than the act of betrayal. The person could feel that they cannot trust the person that deceived then, or might feel like they are unavailing to trust anyone else. They could have mixed feelings about keeping a athletic supportership or being around that person on a daily basis. If it were roundthing that had major consequences or really hurt that person, one would feel anger towards that said person, especially if it were embarrassing in front of a large amount of state or was suppressing one for a long time.People can be betrayed in a variety of ways for different reasons, by anyone in their lives. A close family member or a best trembler could betray one. They may go behind ones back in score for more personal gain, but sometimes they commit betrayal in the interest of ones benefit. A not so close friend could betray ones trust by telling a secret or situation that was told or seen in confidence that was broken for a juicy story or just slipped unnoticed. Some people betray their friends or enemies in order to make them look bad such as spreading a rumor about said person.More than once was Janie betrayed the main character from Their Eyes Were Watching God tells her life story to her friend and explain s the things that were not so good in her life. Many people through the course of her life betray her, most recognizably she is constantly the talk of her town, and some townspeople that are jealous are the mouth of that gossip. They talk about her behind her back to make themselves more assured that she is not better than them.

Rebellion in Two Kinds by Amy Tan Essay -- Two Kinds Essays

Two KindsIn this story Two kinds by Amy false topaz it shows the great expectations of a mother, who wishes for her kid to be famous and a genius. The mother coming from a society that is very hard working and obedient trying to instill the upbringing she had I her life. The child Jing-mei is a typical example of a child rebelling against their mothers wishes no matter how hard the rise upal figure tries, the child wishes to perform things in their own way and use their own freewill and to do things in there own timely fashion.The mother moves to the States afterward much heartache in China. She has lost everything as quoted she had come here in 1949 after losing everything in China her mother and father, her family home, her first husband, and two daughters, collimate baby girls. (pg 1218). She begins a new life in America raising Jing-mei how every parent raises their own child to become the best they can. She believes that moving to America that anything can be accomplished and uses Jing-mei to live that life through by making her watch certain television show. Shows that portray how famous people puzzle out and to see how child prodigies perform in front of audiences. Always testing her child with quizzes that became very hard as quoted The tests got harder-multiplying numbers in my head, finding the magnate of hearts in a deck of cards, trying to stand on my head without using my hands, predicting the daily Temperatures in Los Angelas, New York, and London. (pg 1219). Afterwards the mother trades maiden services for piano lessons and puts more pressure on Jing-mei to be this great child prodigy that will be very famous. Like any parent they moderate high expectations of their child or children to live a great life that is equally t... ...uld. They have been the one to comfort us when the world seemed to distort evil. They have been the one to love us when we needed it the most, by the end of the story the outlook on the pressures take a differe nt turn. Jing-mei has matured from a girl into a woman and as a peace of offering, her mother offers to give her the piano the main object of adversity between the two of them. This offers her the recognition that she has become herself on her own terms, even with all of this hardship. She also learns that with everything her mother pushed on her or made her do it was out of love to make Jing-mei have a better and more satisfying life than the one her mother had to go through.Works CitedTan, Amy Two Kinds In The Harbrace Anthology of Literature. Fourth Edition. Edited by Jon C. Stott et al. Canada Thomson Nelson, 2006 pg 1015-22

Drug War :: essays research papers

Drug War or Hypocritical PoliciesAs of April 21, 2005, the U.S has spent $6,193,703,704 Federal dollars and $9,507,335,186 State dollars1on the Drug War in the States. Has all of this money gone to waste or are we fighting the inevitable. I say the inevitable. We as Americans dont want the governments side of EVERYTHING we gather in a say in what goes on in this country, dont we? If this is so why then is this occurringIn 2000 it was discovered that the White House shoes of National Drug Control Policy used financial incentives to get newspapers and magazines to editorialize in favor of the drug war and get TV and moving picture producers to change their scripts to reflect pro-drug war views. Court records show that Members of Congress created the federal governments first anti-drug advertising campaign in 1998 as a way of using billions of taxpayer dollars to influence voters to reject state medical marijuana ballot measures.2These people who claim to be trying to help America w ith the Drug War problem, are scribes and Pharisees as quoted from the Bible But woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocritesfor ye shut up the kingdom of heaven against menfor ye neither go in yourselves,neither suffer ye them that are entering to go in.3As Chris Rock said on the movie Head of State, How can you fight a war on drugs if you never smoked the chronic? These people dont understand how their choices because of their social rankings affect our teen age. We dont throw away the resources to get the drugs that others may be able to obtain. Especially the lower- class people who have limited means so of course they are wanting the cheaper drugs, such as cocaine or heroine.

Henrik Isbens A Dolls House :: A Dolls House Essays

SynopsisThe play begins on Christmas Eve. Nora Torvald enters the living room carrying packages. Torvald Helmer, her maintain, enters. He says that she shouldnt harbor spent so much on Christmas gifts. He says that they mystify to be careful with money for now, but that he got a promotion at the cant that will increase their quality of life.Helene, their maid, says that Dr. Rank has come to visit. Also, Noras school friend, Kristine Linde, comes. The two have non seen each other in years. Nora tells Linde about her life. She says that Torvald had heathland problems earlier in the marriage, and they had to go to Italy so he could recover.Mrs. Linde tells Nora that her husband died, leaving her with no money and no children. She wants Torvald to get her a job. Nora says she will speak to Torvald, and tells her that she lawlessly borrowed the money to pay for the trip to Italy. For years, she worked and saved in clandestine to repay the debt. Soon it will be fully repaid.Krogstad , an employee at the bank, and Dr. Rank arrive. Rank says that Krogstad is chastely sick. Nora is unnerved by Krogstads presence. Torvald says that he abide probably get Mrs. Linde a job at the bank. Rank, Torvald, and Linde depart. The children arrive with Anne-Marie, their nanny. Nora plays with the children until she notices Krogstad. He is revealed to be the reservoir of the illegal loan. He says that Torvald wants to fire him. He asks Nora to try to prate Torvald out of it. Krogstad says that he will tell about the loan if he gets fired. Nora tries to get Torvald not to fire him, but he says Krogstad is immoral.On Christmas, Nora is nervous. Nora again begs Torvald not to fire Krogstad. He refuses. Torvald sends the maid to deliver Krogstads letter of dismissal.Rank arrives and tells Nora he is dying. She flirts with him. He says he is in love with her.Krogstad demands an explanation for his being fired. He tells Nora that she must get him rehired to a higher position. He p uts a letter in Torvalds letterbox detailing the illegal loan. (Nora forged her fathers jot to get it.) Nora tells Mrs. Linde everything. Mrs. Linde says to distract Torvald from the letterbox until she talks to Krogstad. Krogstad and Mrs.Henrik Isbens A Dolls House A Dolls House Essays SynopsisThe play begins on Christmas Eve. Nora Torvald enters the living room carrying packages. Torvald Helmer, her husband, enters. He says that she shouldnt have spent so much on Christmas gifts. He says that they have to be careful with money for now, but that he got a promotion at the bank that will increase their quality of life.Helene, their maid, says that Dr. Rank has come to visit. Also, Noras school friend, Kristine Linde, comes. The two have not seen each other in years. Nora tells Linde about her life. She says that Torvald had heath problems earlier in the marriage, and they had to go to Italy so he could recover.Mrs. Linde tells Nora that her husband died, leaving her with no money and no children. She wants Torvald to get her a job. Nora says she will speak to Torvald, and tells her that she illegally borrowed the money to pay for the trip to Italy. For years, she worked and saved in secret to repay the debt. Soon it will be fully repaid.Krogstad, an employee at the bank, and Dr. Rank arrive. Rank says that Krogstad is morally sick. Nora is unnerved by Krogstads presence. Torvald says that he can probably get Mrs. Linde a job at the bank. Rank, Torvald, and Linde depart. The children arrive with Anne-Marie, their nanny. Nora plays with the children until she notices Krogstad. He is revealed to be the source of the illegal loan. He says that Torvald wants to fire him. He asks Nora to try to talk Torvald out of it. Krogstad says that he will tell about the loan if he gets fired. Nora tries to get Torvald not to fire him, but he says Krogstad is immoral.On Christmas, Nora is nervous. Nora again begs Torvald not to fire Krogstad. He refuses. Torvald sends the mai d to deliver Krogstads letter of dismissal.Rank arrives and tells Nora he is dying. She flirts with him. He says he is in love with her.Krogstad demands an explanation for his being fired. He tells Nora that she must get him rehired to a higher position. He puts a letter in Torvalds letterbox detailing the illegal loan. (Nora forged her fathers signature to get it.) Nora tells Mrs. Linde everything. Mrs. Linde says to distract Torvald from the letterbox until she talks to Krogstad. Krogstad and Mrs.

Essay --

John Donnes poetry is rife with analogous themes, which allows the indorsers mind to wrap itself around the poems in the most superlative way possible. Donnes poems are alive with collective themes of paradoxes and fidelity. Fidelity, in Donnes visual sense of humanity, also weaves aspects of love be it physical or spiritual. His theology and religious dogmas are abundant in his poems as well as his conception of cosmic forces beyond our control.The Flea portrays a young girl, fearful of losing her chastity, who is being sought by a cavalier young man. His efforts to beguile her are shattered when she destroys their conjectural man and wife ceremony while he is in the throes of his seduction. She deters him by killing a flea, drunk on their intermingled blood after it has bitten both the fellow and the lady. The supposition of marriage is called shoot by the woman, suggesting a paradox in Donnes time women did not have the right to end a marriage, unlike a man who everlastingl y had the prerogative to end a marriage. Donnes manner of blurring boundaries between male and distaff has typically been regarded as a way of entrenching conventional sexual activity roles and of suppressing the assertiveness of effeminate sexuality (Mintz, B Susannah. Forget the Hee and Shee Gender and Play in John Donne) this creates the paradoxical image of a cloud between male and female sexual practice roles which can be seen in the following. There is no marriage of course. He is trying to convince her to have sex with him, a sin, nor shame, nor loss of maidenhead (line 6) found solely on the fact that their blood is already commingled in the flea so they might as well share other bodily fluids. This is in harsh with The terzetto Fool in which Donne demoralizes himself for havi... ...cept often that divine love is perfect love and serves as the only genuine model for all others. In other of Donnes poems The Canonization, the poet writes, Countries, towns, courts be g from above/A pattern of your love (lines 44-45). This indicates that two lovers have such a perfect love that it serves as a matinee idol for the rest of the world. John Donne and his poetry exemplify the type of verse that connects the themes of derisive cosmic forces out of our control, to love, to religion, to paradoxes within the poems, and the theme of fidelity. These themes are evident in The Flea, in which the woman kills the flea and the supposed marriage between the man and the woman, The Hymn to God My God in My Sickness in which Donne feels he is on the verge of dying, and The threefold Fool in which Donne feels depressed after rejecting his love in a sexual manner. Essay -- John Donnes poetry is rife with analogous themes, which allows the contributors mind to wrap itself around the poems in the most superlative way possible. Donnes poems are alive with collective themes of paradoxes and fidelity. Fidelity, in Donnes wad of humanity, also weaves asp ects of love be it physical or spiritual. His theology and religious dogmas are abundant in his poems as well as his conception of cosmic forces beyond our control.The Flea portrays a young girl, fearful of losing her chastity, who is being sought by a cavalier young man. His efforts to beguile her are shattered when she destroys their conjectural marriage while he is in the throes of his seduction. She deters him by killing a flea, drunk on their intermingled blood after it has bitten both the fellow and the lady. The supposition of marriage is called withdraw by the woman, suggesting a paradox in Donnes time women did not have the right to end a marriage, unlike a man who always had the prerogative to end a marriage. Donnes manner of blurring boundaries between male and female has typically been regarded as a way of entrenching conventional gender roles and of suppressing the assertiveness of female sexuality (Mintz, B Susannah. Forget the Hee and Shee Gender and Play in John D onne) this creates the paradoxical image of a cloud between male and female gender roles which can be seen in the following. There is no marriage of course. He is trying to convince her to have sex with him, a sin, nor shame, nor loss of maidenhead (line 6) found solely on the fact that their blood is already commingled in the flea so they might as well share other bodily fluids. This is in general with The Triple Fool in which Donne demoralizes himself for havi... ...cept often that divine love is perfect love and serves as the only genuine model for all others. In other of Donnes poems The Canonization, the poet writes, Countries, towns, courts beg from above/A pattern of your love (lines 44-45). This indicates that two lovers have such a perfect love that it serves as a paragon for the rest of the world. John Donne and his poetry exemplify the type of verse that connects the themes of derisive cosmic forces out of our control, to love, to religion, to paradoxes within the poems, and the theme of fidelity. These themes are evident in The Flea, in which the woman kills the flea and the supposed marriage between the man and the woman, The Hymn to God My God in My Sickness in which Donne feels he is on the verge of dying, and The Triple Fool in which Donne feels depressed after rejecting his love in a sexual manner.

Essay --

posterior Donnes poetry is rife with analogous themes, which allows the readers mind to wrap itself around the poems in the most sterling(prenominal) way possible. Donnes poems are alive with collective themes of paradoxes and fidelity. Fidelity, in Donnes vision of humanity, also weaves aspects of love be it physical or spiritual. His theology and ghostlike dogmas are abundant in his poems as well as his conception of cosmic forces beyond our control.The Flea portrays a young girl, fearful of losing her chastity, who is being sought by a cavalier young man. His efforts to beguile her are shattered when she destroys their conjectural marriage while he is in the throes of his seduction. She deters him by killing a flea, rum on their intermingled blood after it has bitten both the fellow and the lady. The supposition of marriage is called off by the woman, suggesting a paradox in Donnes time women did non have the right to end a marriage, unlike a man who always had the prerogati ve to end a marriage. Donnes manner of blurring boundaries between male and pistillate has typically been regarded as a way of entrenching conventional gender roles and of suppressing the assertiveness of distaff sexuality (Mintz, B Susannah. Forget the Hee and Shee Gender and Play in john Donne) this creates the paradoxical image of a cloud between male and female gender roles which can be seen in the following. There is no marriage of course. He is trying to convince her to have sex with him, a sin, nor shame, nor loss of maidenhead (line 6) based solely on the fact that their blood is already commingled in the flea so they might as well share other bodily fluids. This is in common with The Triple Fool in which Donne demoralizes himself for havi... ...cept often that divine love is arrant(a) love and serves as the only genuine model for all others. In another of Donnes poems The Canonization, the poet writes, Countries, towns, courts beg from above/A pattern of your love (l ines 44-45). This indicates that devil lovers have such a arrant(a) love that it serves as a paragon for the rest of the world. John Donne and his poetry exemplify the type of verse that connects the themes of gibelike cosmic forces out of our control, to love, to religion, to paradoxes within the poems, and the theme of fidelity. These themes are evident in The Flea, in which the woman kills the flea and the supposed marriage between the man and the woman, The Hymn to god My paragon in My Sickness in which Donne feels he is on the verge of dying, and The Triple Fool in which Donne feels depressed after rejecting his love in a sexual manner. Essay -- John Donnes poetry is rife with analogous themes, which allows the readers mind to wrap itself around the poems in the most top of the inning way possible. Donnes poems are alive with collective themes of paradoxes and fidelity. Fidelity, in Donnes vision of humanity, also weaves aspects of love be it physical or s piritual. His theology and ghostlike dogmas are abundant in his poems as well as his conception of cosmic forces beyond our control.The Flea portrays a young girl, fearful of losing her chastity, who is being sought by a cavalier young man. His efforts to beguile her are shattered when she destroys their conjectural marriage while he is in the throes of his seduction. She deters him by killing a flea, inebriate on their intermingled blood after it has bitten both the fellow and the lady. The supposition of marriage is called off by the woman, suggesting a paradox in Donnes time women did not have the right to end a marriage, unlike a man who always had the prerogative to end a marriage. Donnes manner of blurring boundaries between male and female has typically been regarded as a way of entrenching conventional gender roles and of suppressing the assertiveness of female sexuality (Mintz, B Susannah. Forget the Hee and Shee Gender and Play in John Donne) this creates the paradoxical image of a cloud between male and female gender roles which can be seen in the following. There is no marriage of course. He is trying to convince her to have sex with him, a sin, nor shame, nor loss of maidenhead (line 6) based solely on the fact that their blood is already commingled in the flea so they might as well share other bodily fluids. This is in common with The Triple Fool in which Donne demoralizes himself for havi... ...cept often that divine love is perfect love and serves as the only genuine model for all others. In another of Donnes poems The Canonization, the poet writes, Countries, towns, courts beg from above/A pattern of your love (lines 44-45). This indicates that twain lovers have such a perfect love that it serves as a paragon for the rest of the world. John Donne and his poetry exemplify the type of verse that connects the themes of mocking cosmic forces out of our control, to love, to religion, to paradoxes within the poems, and the theme of fidelity. These themes are evident in The Flea, in which the woman kills the flea and the supposed marriage between the man and the woman, The Hymn to God My God in My Sickness in which Donne feels he is on the verge of dying, and The Triple Fool in which Donne feels depressed after rejecting his love in a sexual manner.

Person Centred Risk Essay

Traditional methods of jeopardy assessment ar full of charts and scoring systems, but the someone, their objectives, dreams and life seem to go bad lost somewhere in the pages of tick boxes and statistics. A someone centred rise seeks to focus on peoples rights to have the lifestyle that they chose, including the right to assimilate bad decisions.see moreexplain how to encourage the individual to mint positive risks tour maintaining well(p)tyThe coming set forth here uses person centred thinking tools, to help people and those who cargon ab appear them close think in a positive and productive stylus intimately how to ensure that they bath bring home the bacon the changes they want to see while tutelage the issue of risk in its hind end. This in essence is a process to gather, in partnership with the person, the fullest cultivation and narrate to demonstrate that we have thought deeply about all the issues involved. Decisions are then guided by what is important to the person, what is needed to keep them healthy and safe and on what the law vocalises.Papers and ArticlesSupported Decision MakingA key part of risk is decision reservation. We have co-written a booklet on Supported Decision Making. To expression this booklet see the downloads box on the left.A Positive surface to jeopardize Requires individual Centred Thinking Max Neill, Julie Allen, Neil Woodhead, Stephen Reid, Lori Irwin and Helen Sanderson 2008 This word looks at the issue of risk in the lives of people who are back up by human military services. More accurately, it looks at how the issue of risk, as it has tralatitiously been saluteed by these services, imposes a barrier to genial inclusion and to an interesting and productive life. The article similarly proposes an alternative person centred risk process that by beginning with a focus on who the person is, their gifts and skills, and offering a positive vision of success, could avoid the implied aversion to some(prenominal) form of risk embedded in the traditional approaches and attitudes.The full exposition of this process is described in the Person Centred fortune Course Book (Allen et al 2008). The problems of traditional risk assessment are nice increasingly recognised by people who use human services, their families and carers, and now by many service providers, who are looking for alternative approaches to risk thorough, professional, personalise risk management (Bates and Silberman 2007 p6) that recognise that life and risk are inseparable, and that look at risk from the point of view of the person, their family and friends and the wider community, rather than solely from the point of view of the service provider.Bates and Silberman argue that any such positive approach to risk would need to meet a number of requirements, and see it as the holy grail of cordial health and other services. The authors of this article have been doing on applying Person Centred ThinkingTools t o the issue of risk, building them in to a Person Centred sexual climax to Risk. We believe this alternative approach does non lose the person in a sea of tick boxes and charts, that it has a more proportionalityd approach to risk, having an inbuilt assumption that the purpose of any risk assessment is just as much about the happiness of the person, their family and the community as it is about their safety. We also believe that the Person Centred Approach to Risk can be demonstrated to meet all the requirements set by Bates and Silberman in their article, and that it provides a productive way for many people who wish to deal meaningful steps forward in their lives, but find themselves trapped in a boring dry and segregated lifestyles by traditional service-centred approaches to risk.Finally we argue that any positive approach to risk mustiness include the basic tenets of all Person Centred Approaches keeping the person at the centre, treating family and friends as partners, a focus on what is important to the person, an intent to build connections with the community, being prepared to go beyond conventional service options, and continuing to listen and learn with the person.What is Risk?The experience of many people who have to rely on human services for their support is that risk is the author given to them by services why they cannot do the things that other people are doing every day. When we delve into the word risk, we find that it has a mass of meanings, and that it is nowhere near as clear and precise as the advocates of traditional risk assessment assert, for example Hansson (2002) identifies five different common uses for the word risk, and Ekberg points out a proliferation of risk definitions and a whole range of different understandings of risk (2007 p345).Risk literature practicallytimes separates risk from uncertainty, defining the risk as a measurable probability that something will happen, however, even where experts claim they can g ive an exact probability value to a risk, there is al slipway a possibility that the experts may be wrong (Hansson 2002 p4). In common usage the words risk and uncertainty are often synonymous (Lupton 1999 p9) Risk is sometimes used as a verb a person risks doing something, and sometimes a noun a person is labelled as being a risk to community.The drive for a single definition of Risk has been described as a futile form of linguistic imperialism (Hansson 2000 p3), he argues that risk in its popular usage is just as valid as the narrow technical values attached to the term, as this allows the inclusion of philosophical and ethical values, the negociate and compromises that are excluded from the expert-driven risk analysis process but are essential for social and political decision making processes (ibid pp5-8). Risk decision making is often complicated by the fact that the person or group taking the decision is not always the person or group affected by the risk. Hansson argues tha t risks are inextricably connected with interpersonal relationships.They do not just exist they are taken, run or imposed (2000 p4). Differences in causation and consideration affect the extent to which people influence risk decision making the views of developers wishing to build a dam across a river may well be given more weight than those of people living nearby that river. Where a person with less power and status might wish to take a risk, and the consequences of that risk would affect more powerful people, it is more likely that they will be prevented from taking it.This is the problem faced by people supported by services and professionals, where those services and professionals fear various real and imagined consequences to them of the risk taking of the people they support. www.helensandersonassociates.co.uk This problem is deepened in modern society as the power of the news media can mean that the unpredictable actions of an individual can now have an amplified impact o n the reputation of services, and on political and corporate institutions. run that are now becoming increasingly concerned with reputational risk management find that this demands The risk management of everything (Power 2004 p36).In the case of human services, this means an ever more intrusive and obsessive focus on every aspect of the lives, behaviours and potential behaviours of the people they support. It can also mean the increasing proceduralisation of pass water, as protective practice and blame avoidance (ibid p46) be get by more important than the particular lives of individual people. Risk can become a highly charged and politically loaded issue.The parties involved can have very different interests at stake in debates about particular risks, and these can often be given to become full on conflicts, leading to different parties taking entrenched positions that prevent cooperation, agreement and action and further trap the person. Person Centred Approaches, with their focus on the person and strategy of building an alliance of supporters around the person can often cut across this entrenchment and generate new and yeasty ways forward, providing that services are prepared to face this challenge.This is now being recognised by government departments, the Department of Health publication Independence Choice and Risk wholeheartedly commends person centred approaches for everyone because they identify what is important to a person from his or her own perspective and find appropriate solutions (DOH 2007 p4) Regulators too want to see the balance of risk decision making shifting toward supporting individuals who choose to take informed risks in order to improve the quality of their lives( CSCI 2006 pvii) in this case CSCI are talking about older people, but this shift in attitude to risk is being advocated for all services that offer health or social care to human beings. For the purposes of this article, we are considering risk as it presents to peopl e that use services any issue, real or imagined, which is being used as an remonstrance to their moving toward increased inclusion in community life.What is Wrong with Traditional Risk Assessment?A focus on risk encourages practitioners to look for what is termination wrong rather than what is going right (Booth and Booth 1998 p205) Traditional technocratic and spuriously objective approaches to risk lose the person philosophically they treat the person as an object to be assessed by the experts rather than as an agent in their own lives, part of a family, community, society, with legal rights and choices.They focus on what is wrong with the person, often treating the person as a problem to be managed rather than a person to be enabled to fulfil their ambitions and offer a contribution to society. Alaszewski and Alaszewski (2002) argue that If agencies and their employees take a narrow hazard approach to risk, they will contribute to the disempowerment of people with instructio n disabilities Power (2004) calls for intelligent risk management that does not swamp managerial attention and independent critical imagination is characterised by learning and experiment rather than rule establish processes and which can be sustained subject to challenge, unbelieving and criticism (p61), while the Better Regulation Commission has called for an emphasis in risk management on resilience, self reliance, freedom, innovation and a spirit of happen (BRC 2006 p3).The government too is calling for A culture of choice that entails responsible, supported decision making (Lewis 2007 p1) and calls for everyone involved in the lives of people who use services to work together to help people achieve their potential without compromising their safety (ibid p2). To give proper balanced consideration to issues of risk and achievement in the respective(a) and complex lives of human beings, we need an entirely different approach from the methods that services use to risk assess the ir hoists, fridges and kettles.Bates and Silbermans Holy Grail Criteria.Bates and Silberman have described effective risk management as the holy grail of mental health and other care services (2007 p6) They see it as finding an interconnected balance between positive risk taking around the values of autonomy and independence and a policy of protection for the person and the community based on minimising harm. While they do not give an exact description of what such an approach would look like, they give a list of 7 criteria that any such approach would have to fulfil, these being Involvement of Service Users and Relatives in Risk Assessment. Positive and Informed Risk Taking.Proportionality.Contextualising behaviour.Defensible Decision Making.A discipline Culture.Tolerable Risks.A Person Centred Approach To RiskThere are many different tools and approaches available to support Person Centred Thinking, many of which have come from deconstructing the processes of Smull and Sanderso ns (2005) Essential Lifestyle Planning approach, while some have come from other strands in the growing family of Person Centred Approaches and by early work applying person centred approaches to risk by Duffy and Kinsella (Kinsella 2000). Practitioners of Person Centred Approaches who were unsatisfied with the traditional repertoire of Risk Management tools have begun to recombine these Person Centred Tools in innovative and inventive ways, and to apply them to thinking, acting and learning around real risk situations.The learning from this experience, reflection and discussion has been refined and crystallised into a process that can be shared and applied constructively to different risk situations, bringing together people who use services and the people who know and care about them most to think about how they wish to move forward and the risks involved making decisions, taking actions and learning together.We have called this process a Person Centred Approach to Risk (Allen et al 2008). In this section we will look at the holy grail criteria put forward by Bates and Silberman and show how we believe the Person Centred Approach to Risk fulfils these criteria. Involvement of service users and relatives in risk assessment Involving the person concerned and the people that care about them most is one of the most first harmonic tenets of any person centred approach.The process we have put together considers carefully the people that need to be involved, using the Relationship Circle to help the person and their allies identify key people who could form the persons circle of support. This group of people is involved from the outset, in the initial gathering of information, in the material body of what the risk under discussion actually is, in thinking that generates ideas and solutions, in evaluating these solutions, in decision making around the risk, in implementing the actions and in the learning that takes place during these actions.Bates and Silberman s uggest that staff must understand what service users and others want, how they view their own risks and what responsibilities each person has in managing risks effectively (2007 p7). The Person Centred Approach meets this by ask for a clear picture of what the person wishes to achieve, why this is important to the person, what success would look like, a history of the risk and uses the doughnut tool and decision making agreement tools to look at staff roles and responsibilities, and at who will be responsible for different important decisions in relation to the risk.Positive and informed risk taking The process is built around a positive view of the person it seeks to learn what the persons gifts and skills are, what people like and admire about them, as well as investigating what would be necessary to keep them and others safe while taking the risk. The process is based on finding creative solutions rather than simply ruling things out.Bates and Silberman argue here that quality of life should be maximised while people and communities are kept as safe as can be reasonably expected within a free society (2007 p7). Thinking around what it would take to keep the person and others safe while taking the risk is a key part of the Positive and Productive Process, as is the use of the Happy/Safe grid, which looks at how much solutions would make the person happy, by meeting what is important to them, and how much they would keep them and others safe, by meeting what is important for them. One section of the process includes a question What does the law say? (Allen et al 2008 p20) enabling the process to be informed by the current law, including legislation such as the Human Rights Act.Proportionality The management of the risk must match the gravity of potential harm (ibid p8) Using the person centred thinking tools means flexibility. The more serious the issue, the more people and the more time can be spent considering it in greater detail. Unlike conventional ris k assessment, the approach explores the consequences of NOT taking the risk, to the person, to their family, community and services, balancing these against the potential consequences of taking the risk.Contextualising Behaviour why did the person behave in this way? At this time? In this Situation?(ibid p8) Part of the process involves gathering together previous information about the person, including a history of the persons experience of the risk issue from their own perspective, as well as other historical data, gleaned from a variety of sources including learning logs which look at what has worked and what has not worked in particular situations, and communication charts which explore a persons words and behaviours, seeking their meanings and considering what the better(p) response to these messages should be.The 4+1 Questions (What have we tried? what have we wise(p)? What are we pleased about? what are we concerned about?) help not only to gain an understanding of a person s behaviour in different contexts, but also to build a picture of what has been learned about what is the best support for that person.Defensible Decision Making there is an explicit and justifiable rationale for the risk management decisions (Ibid p8) Following the person centred approach generates a clear trail of written records of what has been discussed, the different perspectives, issues and solutions that have been considered, along with any legal issues, such as the human rights act or the mental health act that might affect the risk decision. The paperwork generated during the process provides a clear rationale for why the decisions that emerge during the process have been taken, and why other options have been rejected. The rationale for decision making is also more clearly expounded and recorded than in traditional risk assessment forms in common usage.A Learning Culture The positive and productive approach to risk has a deep emphasis within it on ongoing learning using l earning and reflective tools like the learning log, the 4+1 Questions and Whats Working/Whats not working, and by clearly defining for staff their core duties and their partition of judgement and creativity in relation to the risk. If it is part of a serious and concerted attempt by services to change their philosophy and practice in a person centred direction, it can contribute significantly to building a learning culture within organisations.Tolerable Risks A key aspect of the Person Centred Approach is that it uses creative thinking techniques around methods to mitigate the risk and improve quality of life, moving from situations which make the person happy but unsafe, to where they and the community are safer, and from strategies where the person is safe but unhappy, to where they can be happier. Experience of using the process is that it enables participants to take a more balanced and rational approach to risk, finding ways to enable the person to achieve what is important to them while considering what keeps that person and the community safe in a way that makes sense for that individual.

Beowulf: Movie or Poem? Essay

Before fancying the Beowulf film, I had the opportunity to read the poem along with ghthe class. I thought the movie was going to be a slight several(predicate) from the epic poem, but that it was still going to stick to the message that the poem had given us. As we started to watch the movie, I noticed that I as completely wrong because the movie is almost completely different from the epic poem. The movie kept very fewer elements from the original epic poem.In the poem, Grendel attacks Heorot because he is a descendent of Cain that has been exiled into darkness. The movie let us know that Grendel was the son of Hrothgar, the king. Grendel could not attack or go against God himself, so he took it against Gods followers. In the movie, Grendel attacked Heorot because he cannot stand music and singing. Noise re in ally some(prenominal)ered his head and ears. In both the movie and poem, Beowulf fights Grendel with egress any kind of weapons or armor because Grendel isnt using any o f that either. Beowulf wants it to be a fair fight. Beowulf tears Grendels arm run into and hangs it up I think to symbolize the victory.Another major difference to me, is that in the poem, Beowulf kills Grendels mother as soon as possible, while in the movie somehow Beowulf is seduced by her. Beowulf never kills Grendels mother. I think the movie producers took a really big leap in this part, it went completely different from the epic poem. Grendels mother is also described as a lizard-type of creature that was unappealing and unattractive. Completely opposite to the epic poem, Grendels mother was inflammatory and seductive in the movie, maybe this is the reason why Beowulf gives in to her. As a result of this matter, Beowulf becomes the father of a genus Draco. The epic poem never mentions around Beowulf becoming a father, he was always loyal and faithful to his wife.Finally in the poem, Beowulf returns to his homeland, where he became oldand became king. Beowulf had to fight the dragon along with his knights working as a team, but instead, the knights had given up and werent helping him at all. Wiglaf is the only person who reaches out and helps him fight the dragon. This signifies that the Anglo-Saxon Era was coming to an end. patronage all of this, Beowulf never gives up, he fights to the end.In the movie, Beowulf never returns to his homeland, instead he becomes king of the Danes as a result of Hrothgars suicide. Beowulf ends up killing the dragon in both versions, but in the movie, Beowulf visualizemed to have lost the heroic, fearless, and courageous values. Beowulf except seemed like he had given up. Maybe it was culpability about all his lies that had finally got to him.I enjoyed reading the poem much better than watching the movie. I think the movie- producers shouldnt have taken so much out of the original poem. They made Beowulf seem like a completely different person. The original Beowulf poem portrayed many of the Anglo-Saxon values, while in the movie, it just seemed like they didnt portray any of them at all. I wanted to see Beowulf just like they portrayed him in the poem. I wanted to see Beowulf being an honorable and heroic figure that never gave up on its people.

Organising a Discursive Essay about Car Use Essay

An argumentative evidence opens with a boldly expressed point of situation and then the rest of the taste presents arguments ( practices, proof or logic) to support that point of view. Norm eachy, it refers to opposing arguments but demonstrates that these are weak or even false. (Look at this essay about zoos for an example.) A discursive essay presents both sides of the bit in a much balanced way.In the end, however, it normally reaches a conclusion in other words, the writer states what s/he thinks. The following is an example of how a discursive essay on handguns might be structured Introduction The issue of handgun ownershipA. Some people believe individuals should non own handgunsB. Others believe ownership is an important personal rightDisadvantagesof handgun ownership both(prenominal) adults and children feces let accidents People can use guns for crimesAdvantagesof handgun ownership+ People can protect themselves from intruders+ People can use guns for recreational purposes (e.g. object glass practice at gun clubs) Conclusion(a summary & evaluation of arguments above)= Problems of accidents and crime make gun ownership difficult to accept = Gun ownership should not be allowed in the interest of a better society Your task in this assignment is to write a discursive essay about the advantages and disadvantages of railroad automobile use. You go forth be given the various arguments both in favour of, and against, car use. Your first task will be to organise these arguments.TASK 1Read the following notes.Identify all the points in favour of car use and purpose them with the symbol . Identify all the points against car use and mark them with the symbol . Not restricted by schedules as you are with public transport Comfortable (spacious, cool, radio/CD etc.)They execute air pollution (e.g. swallow up emissions contribute to global warming) Roads deface the natural landscape and destroy/disturb wildlife habitats Fast, less time-consuming th an public transportCar lay draw a bead on up valuable space in city centres (could be used for public gardens instead?) Fairly nickel-and-dime(prenominal) to run?Car accidents result in many deaths and injuriesModern fuels are lead-free and getting cleanerTraffic jams lead to stress and road furor (angry drivers attacking others) Car use contributes to a faster, less natural pace of life that often results in high blood pressure and heart distemper TASK 2Now that you charter sorted your points into two groups, you will be able to divide the body of your essay into two sections advantages and disadvantages (or possibly the other way round). However, each of these two sections hitherto needs to be divided further into issuances. Each topic will then become a paragraph in the essay.Take the advantages above and pose them under the topic headings of Convenient and Efficient. Take the disadvantages and arrange them under the topic headings of Bad for the environment, Dangerous and Stressful. TASK 3A well-made paragraph usually starts with a topic sentence. This contains the main idea or argument of the paragraph. It is followed by a few illustrations or examples that support it. In the case of your essay on car use, the topic sentences in the body of the essay will cover the points in TASK 2 (above).Write topic sentences based on each of the headings in Task 2 (i.e. Convenient, Efficient etc.). Here is an example Cars are extremely popular because they are so convenient.Do not be satisfied with the first thing you write. Rewrite it share it with a classmate or your teacher aim for a more effective sentence.TASK 4The structure of your essay is going to be as follows split up 1 (INTRODUCTION)Paragraph 2 (Convenient ) Paragraph 3 (Efficient ) Paragraph 4 (Bad for the environment ) Paragraph 5 (Dangerous ) Paragraph 6 (Stressful ) Paragraph 7 (CONCLUSION)Unless, of course, you decide to deal with the disadvantages first You still need to plan an introduction. Basically, this will state that there are both advantages and disadvantages to car use. However, it will secure rather weak if you simply write There are both advantages and disadvantages to car use. It will make a stronger impact if you start with a bold or surprising statement, or perhaps a striking statistic. For exampleWe have become extremely dependent on cars there were 580 trillion worldwide in 1990 and it is estimated that this figure will grow to 816 million by 2010. You can follow this with a summary of the main arguments contained in the body of the essay. You should present these in the order they will appear later.Continue this opening paragraph by adding sentences from the jumbled list below. Present them in the same order as the plan above. We have become extremely dependent on cars there were 580 million worldwide in 1990 and itis estimated that this figure will grow to 816 million by 2010. Thirdly, some people argue that they contribute to the frantic, unwellness y pace of modern life. On the other hand, there are powerful arguments against car use. Firstly, they damage the environment.Clearly cars are so popular because they are both convenient and efficient. Secondly, they kill and maim large numbers of people.TASK 5Let us save the conclusion for later. (Basically, it will sum up the main arguments again and evaluate them in other words, you will say whether you think car use should be limited or even banned.)First, you will try to write the body paragraphs paragraphs 2-6 in the plan above. Each paragraph already has a topic sentence. The challenge now is to support it with illustrations or examples. For example (paragraph 2)Cars are extremely popular because they are so convenient. They allow us far more freedom than public transport which is often unreliable, slow or even unavailable. Given a survival between walking in the rain to join a bus queue or stepping straight into a car and driving directly to bingles destination, who would prefer the latter? Furthermore, cars are more comfortable than buses or trains since they are less cramped and have luxuries such as an air-conditioner and a sound system.Now use the points below to complete paragraphs 3-6. (Start each sentence with your topic sentence from TASK 3.) Fast, less time-consuming than public transportFairly cheap to run, especially if you use a small modelModern fuels are lead-free and do not cause a lot of pollution They cause air pollution (exhaust emissions contribute to global warming and health problems such as asthma)Roads spoil the natural landscape and disturb wildlife habitats Car parks take up valuable space in cities that could otherwise be used for recreation Car accidents result in many deaths and injuries (e.g. approx. 125,000 people were killed in road crashes in theOECDs 29 member countries in 1999, enough to fill 300 jumbo jets)Traffic jams lead to stress and road rage (angry drivers attacking others) Car use contributes to a faster, le ss natural pace of life that often results in high blood pressure and heart disease You do not need to change the language much. However, you certainly will need to use some linking words/phrases, such as the following For example, For instance, similarly In addition, Furthermore, What is more, Another argument against car use is that Another disadvantage of car use is that Similarly, TASK 6Finally, you need a conclusion. Avoid a weak sitting on the fence conclusion such as this There are some strong points both for and against car use and it all depends on what your opinion is. Instead you should sum up the arguments you have already covered and state whether, on balance, you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages or vice-versa. It may be effective to present the arguments in reverse order this time. For exampleIn conclusion, car ownership has several negative effects, including stress, road accidents and destruction of the natural environment. Nevertheless, we have beco me very dependent on cars because of the comfort and freedom they offer. A total ban seems out of the question, but for the sake of our own health and the health of the planet, we must aim to reduce car use for example, by improving public transport systems and introducing car pooling schemes.TASK 7Now try a discursive essay on a different topic. You could try the one abouthandguns (see notes above). Other possible topics include Computer use by children goggle box viewingSchool uniformsYou may have a better idea yourself, but please check it first with your teacher. Whichever topic you choose, you will need to do some research first and then draw up an essay plan. Without a plan, you will almost certainly produce a disorganised, ineffective essay

Descartes vs Hume Essay

Rene Descartes and David Hume touched upon epistemology on the same question, where does tender association come from? They both came to very divers(prenominal) conclusions. Descartes claimed that our knowledge came from human reasoning alone and this is an absolute certainty principle. This faculty of reasoning is innate tool that came with human species. He called this tool, mind, which is separated from our body. Hume on the other(a) hand, claimed that human learned from observing the empirical world, and connecting ideas using, cause and effect.Rene Descartes realized that many of the things that he have accepted as the truth was false opinions, and consequentially the principles that were make upon them. He wanted to start anew by try to find out the truth, and then build upon that, because the foundation of science requires absolute certainty. In his attempt to find the truth, he started to criticize all of the things he had formally believed applying the method of doubts , and then remove from the foundation what he found to be doubtable or deducible.He did this as he believed as his doubt increase, certainty decrease and vice versa. By the end of Meditation I, he was in a order called Abyss, where he was skeptical of all things and decided that the empirical world was presented to him by an evil demon He then reasoned that for him to be deceived by the demon, he must exist as something, a mind or a thinking thing After stating that his mind is the sole certain thing, he employ wax to illustrate that human cannot achieve knowledge through sense, or visual modality alone.He stated that just from observing a piece of already melted wax, he would not be able to identify it as the same piece of wax he had seen earlier in its former form, if he had not been witnessing the melting process. So, sense alone is not the source of knowledge. If he then removed every qualities that a piece of wax can be without, what remain is something extended, flexible an d movable. From this rendering, a piece of wax could take any shapes and volume, which would not help him at all in identifying the nature of this piece of wax.Thus, imagination alone also could not be the source of human knowledge. He concluded that the nature of a piece wax can only be perceived through the inspection of the mind ( nice reason) as the other twain, sense and imagination, were ruled out. Thus, knowledge is a priori, and Descartes was a Rationalist. However, how could Descartes deny sense data completely, if he had to acquire the appearance of a piece of wax or the knowledge of its nature through sense data in the first instance ( in the first place it was melted).So he started the wax argument by contradicting himself by explaining to us what he sensed of a piece of wax. His reply was that an ordinary language almost as well led him to an error that he saw the wax (from sense data), but in the reality his faculty of mind interpreted the appearance in front of him to be a wax. Another of my objection to his argument is why creating a new thing, a faculty of mind, instate of combining what he already mentioned and known, which atomic number 18 sense and imagination.In later Meditation, He also use a circular argument to bear the certainty of his reasoning and mind, as he prove God to assure that his reasoning is not fooled by the demon, but we cannot forget that he used his reason to prove God in the first place. His despondency to prove God, and separation of mind and body great power be due to the fact that he wanted to serve both of his passions science and religion. He might be bias in this sense as he doubted until he found want he wanted to seek. David Hume attempted to prove that human knowledge comes from the empirical data and experience.He started by clearly distinguished between impression and thought and idea to illustrate that human applies our creative abilities, such as combine, transpose, enlarge and shrink, on our impress ion to generate thoughts and ideas. He gave two arguments for this position. The first one is humans ideas and concepts ar always complex mixture of honest ideas which are copies of the humans sensation of the empirical world. The second argument is if a man hasnt had any experience with a certain object, he would not have any ideas associate with that object.He challenged oppositionists to prove him otherwise, by giving him an example of thought and idea that is built upon something that had not been seen or hear of before. However, Hume, himself, gave one example that answered to his challenge which was a missing shade of blue. A man would be able to indentify that a shade of missing color from a color scale, even though he hasnt seen that shade before. Hume stated this example is so singular, it is not worth considering.Hume then distinguished between two object of human knowledge relations of idea, which are thing which if were denied would be a contradiction to itself, and event of fact which its contradiction would still be possible. Humes interest was on the later one as he thought the first one was merely a definition or a licit statement. He claimed that the connection between our ideas is cause and effect. For someone to believe that a person can drown in water (effect), he must had before witnessed a drowning incident or had firsthand experience (cause).For Hume this connection cannot be known by a priori reasoning but always come from experience. Thus, this is a posteriori. However, he was convinced that cause and effect is merely a product of custom and habit. We experience it so many times that we generalize our future on our past, with no certain ground that it will continue to be like the past. This suggests that human knowledge is contingent. Hume could not come up with more certain explanation or step between cause and effect, but he convinced that it was there. Most Descartes was a rationalist.His work shows that knowledge can only be d erived from pure reasoning through innate ability or the faculty of mind, which is certain and proven in Meditation II. He separated this from the body. This leads to a belief that human is more special, as our mind has an ability to provide superior reasoning with give us knowledge. This was in line with Christian belief that men are created in Gods image, which makes us special. By adopting his view, we as a species can rest assures that we are rational being who separated from the rest.Hume argued that our knowledge which comprised of matter of fact is based on experience, which human connect it using cause and effect. Cause and effect is merely humans custom and habit. This makes human no more special than any other species in acquiring knowledge. He also implied that human knowledge apart from the relation of idea is contingent. If one has espouse Hume so strictly, one would abandon any knowledge that is not base on mathematic or experience such as metaphysic. Why believe or s tudy it, if it base on something that is contingent, and cannot be proven in any sense.

Human Nature and the Goodness of a Person in Plato’s Republic I Essay

Hailed as Platos greatest masterpiece, the country is considered atomic number 53 of the best guides of ethics and politics not save in a5th century Greece but in modern and contemporary times. Just like in the Dialogues, throughout all the sections or books of the Republic, the main character is Platos mentor, Socrates, whose conversations with prominent Greek personalities on the subjects of ethics and politics the former documents. Book One is particularly important as it opens the series of dialogues that discusses ideas relevant to hu service serviceman being disposition and the definition of a cracking man.This paper seeks to present the views of Plato on the subjects of wealth, friendship and justice as it look ups to the idea of what a good man should be. The Important Points of Republic I on Human Nature The ideas on human nature and goodness in Book One of the Republic are hinged upon the important points in the conversations among Socrates, Cephalus, Polemarchus an d Thrasymachus. On Wealth. Socrates prattles to Cephalus in the first part of the first book of the Republic. Socrates is curious about Cephalus mild demeanor when it comes to his wealth.First of all, Socrates states that in order for wholeness to shelter capital, he has to make it himself. He speaks of this important concept in the following statement of his to Cephalus Men who sire made money take this money seriously as their own creation and they also value it for its uses as other people do (Plato, Republic I, 330c). Socrates points out further that those who use up themselves acquired their money have a double reason in comparison with other men for loving it (330c) and so the men who have made money are hard to talk to since they are unwilling to commend anything except wealth (330c).In short, Cephalus states that the best thing about wealth is that it can save us from being unfair and thus smooth the way for an agreeable afterlife (Brown). This is perishly one of the best insights on human nature related to wealth. This line implies that a good man is supposed to make his own money in order for him to appreciate it much and to value it. Wasteful men who do not value their money may have been those who did not make their own money and have acquired it only through inheritance.The second important point regarding how wealth relates to human nature is that a good man should know that the importance of money is for him not to cheat his fellowman. Socrates asks Cephalus What do you regard as the greatest benefit you have enjoyed from the possession of property? (330d). And after a long explanation, Cephalus answers, I affirm that the possession of wealth is of most value not to cheat any man and not remaining in debt to a god for some sacrifice or to a man for money and it has also many other uses (331a-331b).It is clear from a Cephalus statement that the purpose of money is not to do harm to ones fellowman even though this harm is unintentional. H e therefore presumes that a man who does not have enough money has a natural tendency to wrong his fellowman. It is therefore imperative that people should make money for such(prenominal) a purpose. On Friendship. From the subject of wealth as it relates to human nature, Socrates concludes that the purpose of acquiring wealth is somehow based on the idea of doing justice to ones fellowman. And this idea of justice extends to friendship.In the conversations mingled with Socrates and Polemarchus, one of the conclusions they have arrived at is that it is but just for one to do good to his friends and not to do evil. This is explicitly stated by Polemarchus as Friends owe it to friends to do them some good and no evil (332a). This is based on the saying concord to Polemarchus that according to Simonides, it is just to give to each what is owed or due to him (Humphrey), which means that because your friends do good to you and not bad, and so it is but just to return the favor.Polemarc hus also says that in order to do justice to ones enemies, one should do to him what also is proper for him and some evil (332b). This means that since ones enemies do bad things then one should give them a taste of their own medicine through doing bad things too. On Justice. Both the aforementioned subjects of wealth and friendship as they relate to human nature can be reduced to the idea of justice. The ideas on how justice relates to human nature are somehow lifted from the dialogue between Socrates and Thrasymachus.A just man first of all should not try to take advantage of another man. Socrates asks Thrasymachus, Do you think the just man would wish to overreach or exceed another just man? (349b) and he answers, By no means (349b). This means that a just man recognizes the point that since the other person has not wronged him, he has no right to wrong him either. However, Thrasymachus states that a just man would deem it proper and just to overreach an raw man, although the just man wouldnt be able to (349b).This means that if someone wrongs a just man, he would think it is but just to retaliate, only that out of good-will he might not be able to do it. However, it is implied here by Thrasymachus that a just man may rejoice when the unsportsmanlike are punished for the former thinks just punishment is well-deserved. However, it is believed that this provides a contrast to the preciseness of Socrates claims (Kanak).Nevertheless the just man is still better than the unjust man, for the just man does not seek to take advantage of his like but of his unlike, but the unjust man of both. (349c-349d) From the aforementioned statements, it has been concluded that the just man is like the refreshing and good, and the unjust is like the bad and the ignoramus (350c). The wise and good man, or the just man, according to the Republic, is not really someone who accepts all ridicule and unjust treatment without question. He is rather someone who treats in a good way those who do good to him and may bring to treat in a similar way those who do bad things to him.This is basically the idea of a just and good man based on the first book of the Republic. terminal The good man according to Book One of the Republic is the man who is just. Specifically, he is a firstly a man who makes his own wealth in order that he may appreciate it. He is also one who recognizes that the importance of money is for one to be able to treat his fellowman justly and to deflect causing any unjust treatment (Kozlovic). Moreover, a good man is one who gives to his friend what is due him and to his enemy some evil that he really deserves.Lastly and most importantly, a good man is a man who does to others what others do to him, whether this is good or bad, although out of kindness he may choose not to do something bad. Nevertheless, a good man believes that a just punishment should serve its necessary purpose. We therefore learn so much from the spoken language of Cep halus When a man lives out his days in justice and piety, sweet companion is with him, to cheer his heart and nurse his old age. (331a)

Young people drive their political development

The term gigantic suggests a causal direction. Can these two rattling different viewpoints be merged? By Habeas Question-I Political settlement has typically been defined as the process by which people come to acquire policy-making attitudes and values. Colonization agents are, among others, the parents, peers, school, and the surrounding society. The term suggests a causal direction. Young people are socialized by others.Researchers sometimes talk most an gigantic billet Young people drive their own semipolitical development. The term gigantic suggests a causal direction. Young people choose their own ways to have information and develop attitudes about society. Can these two very different viewpoints be merged? The current research has Identified several(prenominal) socializing agents In adolescents political development. We know that parents, peers, the school, and the media are Important agents In shaping adolescents political and CIVIC values. Attitudes, and behaviors. However, researchers have studied this process through a unidirectional lens, that is, around often taking a top-down show up where transmission flows from parent to hill. From this perspective, adolescents have been considered as passive recipients in their political colonization. In 2002, McDermott and Chaffed wrote perhaps genius of the most altering papers in the field of political colonization. In this article, the authors express the need for examining adolescents as progressive agents in their political colonization.The fundamental promontory is should a top-down and bottom-up approach be merged when studying adolescents political colonization? My standpoint Is very simple It is not Just assertable It is necessary. In order to give an count of how Influential agents and adolescents agency can be merged, we first need to check why the political colonization publications has examined youths political colonization from a unidirectional perspective over the past fewer de cades. Societal shifts and political colonization research over the past few decades The political colonization literature began to emerge in the mid-offs.The societal structures, political climate, and norm of that generation generally exerted a top- down mentality in several scopes of life, whether it was in the family within the school among other social institutions. Generally, the family would normally abide by a patriarchal and hierarchical structure where parents, particularly fathers, were most influential in the familial dynamics. Teachers would often have an authoritarian role with little democracy in the classroom climate.It is no surprise that social models were thus reflected In the work of political colonization researchers at the time. Whether scholars developed theories of communication patterns at home (Chaffed, McLeod, & Hickman, 1973) or role modeling behaviors (Fletcher, Elder, & Memos, 2000) to explain Intergenerational transmission, a top-down approach was obje ctification of children was evident in these models at the time. However, despite the slow changes of the social structures in society, scholars and their theoretical models did not catch up with the generational shifts.It was not until the re-birth of the political colonization research in the sasss that scholars began to re-consider, inspired by other disciplines, the idea that adolescents too, could be active agents in their political colonization. Modern society and new media Modern western sandwich society has shifted towards a tangent quite different from the social structures in comparison to the sasss. Adolescents in these societies have been found to have more influence in the family and perceive more democracy in the family (Stain, Person, Burk, & Kerr, 2011).Politically, schools are also adopting more democratic climates in the classroom allowing children to feel more efficacious and involved in their education (Campbell, 2008). With the emergence and growth of the Intern et and new media, adolescents today have easy access to information online, regardless of the influence of other agents (Mossberg, Delbert, & McNealy, 2008). Adolescents might be more inclined to develop an interest and engagement in lattice and societal affairs. They may take the initiative to seek information that is so right away available to them through the Internet.Online behaviors might transfer to offline behaviors adolescents might be seeking information independently and initiating conversations at home or with peers about different political and societal matters. Again, adolescents should be considered as active agents in their political and civic colonization. Researchers have thus recognized the need to re-examine the way they think about transmission, how they examine adolescents political colonization, and the models they use to explain this.More recently, scholars have been using a bi-directional approach, that is, also considering adolescents agency in theoretical models that can help us understand how adolescents develop their political and civic behaviors (McLeod, 2000 Sapphire & Chaffed, 2002). It became clear that merging the idea of top-down and bottom-up influences was not a choice, rather a necessity in the development of theoretical models in the field of political colonization. Conclusion It is vital for current theories in the field of political colonization to consider adolescents as active agents in their political colonization.

Gertrude and Ophelia Essay

Shakespeares divisionization of Gertrude and Ophelia in Hamlet is paradoxical as it challenges as thoroughly as complements the contemporary social imposts and norms. Gertrude is the best example of this paradox that is manifested through her extraordinary supremacy over all the major characters of Hamlet, her captivate in the court matters and state affairs and her blind obedience to Claudius. Ophelia is also active in her domestic domain but her interest are confine to amorous and matrimonial maters only and they are bring forward directed by his generate Polonius and brother Laertes.She is an epitome of traditional feminist expressions of the age that require chastity, compliancy and acceptance of male dominancy from women. Gertrude influence is wide ranging as it encompasses the domestic as well as the state affairs. Simultaneously she manifests the behaviour that is in con watchwordance with the contemporary traditional view. She has the ability to captivate, fend off, o r manipulate all important male characters for her own interests. Act 2, scene 2, clearly manifests how Gertrude behaves authoritatively with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern and with Polonius.This scene further depicts her interaction with Claudius and influence she possesses over Claudius. notwithstanding she further exhibit the behaviour hat is an embodiment of Elizabethan socio-cultural milieu and its value. She is subservient to Claudius when she agrees to Claudius plan to trap Hamlet, I shall obey you, (3. 1. 37). Again in the closet scene, she is in compliance to Hamlets orders What should I do? she asks (3. 4. 181). Furthermore, despite Gertrudes conformist female biddable behaviour, her excessive sexuality and lust makes him a non-traditional woman.This portrayal of Gertrude clearly challenges the social and ethical norm of Elizabethan society. Her sexuality is intimidating for some(prenominal) Hamlets, father and son, who call for it brutal, extreme, and tainted Nay, but to live/ In the rank sweat of an enseamed bed,/ Stewed in corruption, honeying and making love/ Over the nasty sty (3. 4. 92-95) Again it is say So lust, though to a radient angel linked,/ Will sate itself in a celestial bed And prey on garbage. (1. 5. 55-57). These lines are non in conformity with the woman image of contemporary society where womans chastity was the first condition for her social recognition.The relation of Hamlet and Gertrude is label with oedipal connotations. Hamlet is placed in a situation his unconscious incestuous inclinations are juxtaposed with the apparent incestuous relationship of Gertrude and Claudius who is a new father figure to him. This juxtaposition and presence of Oedipal feelings plays an important in changing Hamlets behaviour toward his mother. Ophelia is raised in a motherless environment so she was dominated by the mannish thought and authority from the earliest. Thus her character is formed to accept the demands and wishes external to h er own self.Furthermore, Shakespeare characterization of Ophelia is influenced by the cultural tradition of the male-dominant Elizabethan society. Ophelia is a typical character that is a mirror image of contemporary society. She remains passive in the domestic and emotional domain. Ophelia has no individualism of her own and all her domestic and amorous matters are directed by her father. Polonius endeavours to fashion the life and position of Ophelia according to his own wishes. He considers his desires as her desires and tries to rationalise her approach by various means.So right from the very start, Ophelia is under the sway of Laertes and Polonius. So her character is in complete conformity with the traditional values of that time. Polonius always responds from a position of authority over Ophelia, emphasizing his power as the decision-maker for her. Both her father and brother have a self appoint task of directing Ophelia how to act properly in every domain of her life. Al though Shakespeare has characterized Ophelia as inferior to male characters, but characterization of Gertrude has dual characteristic.Sometime it challenges the traditions of the conformist society and sometime it itself become conforms to the values of the society by acting passively. Although Gertrude and Ophelia are two different women but they are caught in the same plight and circumstances in relation to Hamlet. Both love Hamlet and suffer due to their relation with Hamlet. Although Gertrude follows the bidding of Claudius throughout the story, and cannot even way outually resist Polonius, she evinces a deep love for Hamlet. She almost lives by looking at Hamlet.The contempt and hatred of her beloved son cut her to the quick and drives her to the very verge of madness. It essential be noted that when Hamlets upbraiding grows unbearable for the queen, the ghost of his father steps in to save Gertrude from a further expression of their sons bitter hatred. Shakespeare has chara cterized her as a round character that develops herself as the play moves toward its end. Although she ac sleep togetherledges her blunders but is not fully aware of its overall gravity and effect on Hamlet. She says to Hamlet O Hamlet, speak no more/ Thou turnst mine eyes into my very soul,/ And there I see such black and grained spots/ As will not leave their tinct. (3. 4. 89-92) Same happens with Ophelia as Hamlet is harsh to Ophelia. He charges her with unfaithfulness. Polonius and Laertes warn her of excessive indulgence in amorous affair with Hamlet. Although she is caring and loves her family i. e. Polonius and Laertes but her love for Hamlet was vigorouser than her discretion. So she sucked the honey of his music vows, (3. 1. 57) and that his loss to her madder her of ladies most deject and wretched. (3. 1.56) We know that her love for Hamlet was not so strong insofar queen hopes in vain that her virtues Will bring him to his wonted way again. (3. 1. 41) Both Gertrude an d Ophelia do not direct or affect the course of events directly but their role is of considerable importance for understanding the character of Hamlet. Hamlet at one time intensely Gertrude and passionately hates her. Same is the case with Ophelia. Hamlet loves him fervently and in an honourable way as Ophelia declares early in the play My lord, he hath importuned me with/ In honourable fashion. (1. 3. 100-111)Later in the play, Hamlet communicates his feeling toward her in this way on her grave I loved Ophelia forty thousand brothers/ Could not, with all their touchstone of love,/ Make up my sum, (5. 1. 269-271) There are some visible differences between Gertrude and Ophelia as mentioned above but there subtle and implicit differences too. One of these differences is their attitude toward faithfulness. Gertrude seems unfaithful whereas Ophelia embodies the spirit of Elizabethan concept of fidelity. Gertrude is an instrument of, and incentive towards, crime she is not criminally i nvolved herself.The only exception to this the fact that by consenting to marry Claudius only such a short while after the death of her husband, she betrays either the greater infirmity of will, or an abnormally high storey of sexuality. The ghost makes it clear that Gertrude was neither an accessory to the murder nor even aware of it. We can call her a weak woman, not a wicked or depraved woman. The ghost styles her seeming virtuous. Hamlet forces her to search her heart. Then she is able to see how shameless and offensive to good sense and modesty her over-hasty unification was.It is quite clear that Ophelia is constant in her faithfulness to Hamlet as well as to her family. This tussle between love and duty plays some begin in her loss of sanity. She is devotedly fond even of his tyrannical father and listens meekly to her brothers precepts and promises I shall the effect of this good lesson keep/ As watchman to my heart. (1. 3. 45-46) As in all things she obeys him, no matte r how much it costs her to disobey the promptings of her heart. She also becomes an instrument for spying on the prince.But on the other side her love and fidelity to Hamlet remains the strongest factor in her life. Although she never declares her love in so many words, yet we know that her heart was given entirely to him. This is a manifestation of divergent rather conflictive faithfulness that she to his lover and family. Despite this intricate environment, she never betrayed her family as well as Hamlet. Another important contrast is their strength of character in reacting to this complex situation. Gertrude remains stable in this state of affairs due to her strong characterization but Ophelia turns mad and behaves like childlike.Thus she becomes the most pathetic of Shakespeare characters. Unlike Gertrude she possesses a childlike simplicity and maintains it throughout the play. So Shakespeare dramatic world has produced a character full of pathos and miseries in the form of Op helia and has used it effectively, like Gertrude, in the overall design of the play. As above-mentioned claims supported by textual and extra-textual facts clearly reveal that both Gertrude and Ophelia have certain common characteristics but they were not certainly identical characters.Both are used as subsidiaries to the main characters. Shakespeare skilfully takes advantage of their presence in the play and uses them in the larger design of the play. He further shows different manifestation of human character through them. Although both remain a prey to same dilemma and to an almost same fate in the play but as both have different dispositions and socio-cultural upbringing so they react differently to the situations and they have different roles to play in the play.Work CitedShakespeare, William. Hamlet. Washington Square Press novel York, 1992.

Jane Loevinger’s stages of ego development Essay

I substantiate done much research of theories on stages of life, stages in life, how and why, we totally got to be how we atomic number 18. Of course, I have my own theory, which is because and in reference to all the research I had done. However, I want to state that I most agree with Jane Loevingers philosophy, that this sense of the ego or I as an active interpreter of experiencechanges in significant ways over the course of military man life. Loevingers model of ego development charts those changes over time.Jane Loevinger had her own theory of stages that human beings go through and through in becoming who they are hers begs to differ in the sense of it is all how we categorize what we have intentional in life Loevinger tells us how we organize (in our mind) those contents I-2 Impulsive- Impulsive Egocentric, dependent Bodily feelings Delta Self-protective Opportunistic Manipulative, leery Trouble, control I-3 Conformist- Respect for rules Cooperative, loyal Appearances, b ehavior I-3/4 Conscientious- Exceptions allowable Helpful, self-aware Feelings, problems, adjustment Conformist. I-4 Conscientious- Self-evaluated Intense, responsible Motives, traits, feat standards, self-critical. I-4/5 Individualistic- Tolerant Mutual Individuality, development, constituents. I-5 Autonomous- Coping with conflict Interdependent Self-fulfillment, psychological causation. I-6 Integrated- Cherishing individuality Identity.In release over the table in laymans terms, I think it is obvious that she is describing growing up in general, and what would be helpful and healthy for a person to experience. The table does not list 1-1, which I believe that is because it would be what one views (optical) as a baby, before one can verbalize or think in either cognitive way. She starts with Impulse control, which is amenable, because no one has morals/values, and/or any sense of right/wrong, at the beginning of his or her lives. She also mentions manipulative in this category , which is also benignant because a person will be manipulative at a young age in trying to gain control, which I think leads us into the second category of conformist. I believe that is agreeable also, for one is learning to conform without manipulation, (because of the earlier manipulation), in learning their ownassertive control and what they have decided they like.Next, Conscientious Individualistic, is people becoming aware of everything, especially other people around them and how they are different. They are learning to be patient and understand that each is different, at first they realize they must tolerate others, then, going into autonomous, they more than tolerate differences, they also accept them. The final stage is Integrated, which to me is self-satisfaction, in the cognise that one knows life and understands it. They accept all that they are, their purpose, and everyone elses purpose. They understand each person has a role in this world and are now more than acc epting of it they are grateful. It is feeling of understanding. Their mind, body and intellect is satisfied.

Business and Society Case 1 Essay

Business and fellowship confirm a complicated family relationship. Organizations make products or deliver services with the goal of making a profit. Human beings and social structures that humans create in concert make up society. Businesses and society be of an interactional system. Business firms participate in continuous interactions or exchanges with its external environment. Society and business make up a cooperative social system where each others actions affect one another.In the stakeholder theory of the firm, only businesses have a purpose to create value for its diverse stakeholders. For these organizations to stick around, they essential make a profit for their owners and, in addition, businesses must understand and take all stakeholders interests, power, and alliances into account and therefrom try to create different kinds of value for their stakeholders, whether for employees, communities, or others. Businesses must recognize who the corporations commercialise and nonmarket stakeholders are.Every business firm has economic and social relationships with society, whether they affect positively or negatively are intended or unintended. Stakeholders are those who affect or are affected by the firm, whether they have a market relationship or not. Often with multiple interests in mind, the stakeholders can implement their economic, political, and other powers in ways that can help or defy the organization. Stakeholders may act independent or together to impact the companies. Modern corporations developed a range of complex, boundary-crossing departments that manage of interactions with stakeholders and society. For instance, Walmart has a huge impact on society and must effectively and efficiently deal with stakeholders interests. A number of vast factors mold the relationship between business and society. These include changing societal and ethical expectations, shifting public expectations and government policies, tight paced global economy, dealing with ecological concerns, and changing the transformational role of technology and innovation. Corporate strategy has to deal with expectations of all stakeholders and even society itself.Application PointsChapter 1 Discussion Questions1. The issue in this case is simply that Disney had a vision of making people feel like they are in another world bandage they were in Disneyland. Although, this interferes with companies coming into their territory and building low-cost lodgment for people who work within the walls of Disneyland. Disney at long last has the final say in the matter because of their continuous revenue stream for the city of Anaheim. This means that no matter what Disney will get what it wants. 2. The relevant market stakeholders include the employees, customers, suppliers, and creditors. The nonmarket stakeholders include the community, governments, and the general public. 3. Stakeholder interestsa. Employees have a more affordable housing complex near Dis neyland (support SunCals plan) b. Customers have a fun and unforgettable time at Disneyland (most likely indifferent to the situation, but are affected indirectly) c. Suppliers Ultimately make or lose money geared on the success of Disneyland (do not support SunCal) d. Creditors Also rely on Disney revenue stream (do not support SunCal) e. Community The city of Anaheim benefits with Disneyland tax payments (do not support SunCal) f. Governments equivalent as Communityg. General Public benefit from Disneyland revenue (do not support SunCal) 4. The employees obviously have the right to quit or abstain from working for Disneyland, the customers can choose to not come to the park, the suppliers genuinely have no power seeing the Disneyland is most likely their main source of revenue, and the creditors can chose to pay elsewhere.6. The best possible solution would be for SunCal to move their projected idea of building the affordable housing further away from right next door to Disneyland. The employees would be more than cheerful to agree to an affordable housing that is a couple of miles away than having to live outside of the city and commute into work. Everyone then becomes happy with the situation from this simple solution.

Privacy Laws and Policies Debate Essay

Taking a scalelike look at the privacy laws and policies of companies debate, I cerebrate that it makes perfect sense for companies to monitor employees when they are on the job. Making sure employees are working is the first thing that comes to many peoples minds when this clear comes up, entirely the supervise of employees also helps to make sure that their equipment is not being used unethically. Harassment and divergence are just two of many ways in which communication technologies gutter be use at work and a company may be held responsible for these actions.The Electronic Communications hiding Act (ECPA) is the primary piece of legislation that suggests employees have a right to privacy on the job, but there are three exceptions under the ECPA that effectively eliminate any substantial expectations of privacy at work. 1) If the company owns the internet, phone, or email services it falls under the provider exception. 2) According to the ordinary fall of business excep tion the company is allowed to monitor employee communication to insure legitimate business objectives, such as quality control, preventing sexual harassment, or unauthorized use of equipment. )Finally there is the consent exception if at least one party of a communication consents to its interception then there is no violation of the ECPA (E-Monitoring, 2006). both points for and against were discussed in the forum this week and I believe both sides had very valid points, but the reasons for monitoring were much more based in facts. Based on the responses I read I believe that while a company may have the right to monitor their employees, they should strive not to go overboard.This is because they may inadvertently create an us versus them mentality in the work place or drift off important people who do not feel comfortable with how much or how they are monitored. That grammatical case of environment would greatly damage productivity, which is the opposite of what a monitoring po licy is supposed to do. Mutual venerate and understanding is needed first before a sensible and just monitoring plan can be created.

The Influence of an Interior Space on the Human Psyche

VISUAL COMMUNICATIONCONTENT PAGE PAGEINTRODUCTION1-2Undertaking BACKGROUND AND pauperism..3AIM AND OBJECTIVES...3STUDY DEFINED..3RESEARCH STATEMENT...3RESEARCH SCOPE, LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTS.......3DESIGN SCOPE, LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTS.....4DEFINITION OF call.....5BIBLIOGRAPHY....6APPENDIX..7IntroductionIn the inquiry papers below research will be d single on how inside(prenominal) decorators are influenced by Biophilic national heading constructs, the influence indoor interior decorators gull on applicable stone markets and 1s need for peculiar interior design influences in hostel to make self-actualisation, further more research will be done on the construct of Rene Descartess I think therefore I am theory but applied to the interior design being of I design therefore I am .In decision the author will sum the influences interior design has on the human heed and the benefits one prat obtain from interior design.The usance and aims of this research paper is t o set up that all interior non-finites which surrounds us as persons are designed with a peculiar intent in head, whether it be mechanical, functional, practical or strictly aesthetic and that it does announce an consequence on us non merely physically and emotionally but besides mentally. Some interior interior decorators cater for the niche mark with the end in head to fulfill qualitative demands, such(prenominal) as usage designs that are designed to order and produced unaccompanied for that peculiar clients demands of having an entirely designed usage interior infinite, by and large associating to ones societal position. The niche mark market is the top one per centum of the scotch systems income bracket, in other words the wealthiest persons inside the peculiar economic system. The mean income mark market, is the market where interior decorators aim to fulfill the quantitative demands of the mark market, designs are by and large less sole and produced in majority so that th ey are accessible by a larger demographic, therefore designs are rendered as more low-cost. inner Design can better ones quality of life as it isthe environment around us impacting our temper, productivity, energy degrees, aptitude and spot . Making a beautiful inside is about making a infinite where you feel relaxed, comfy, form and at peace, the thought of the infinite is to be thought of as therapeutic. ( Jess Douray, 2014 ) .Well known sociologist Jean Baudrillard rationality that all objects chosen to make full an interior infinite is subconsciously placed within the infinite to state a narrative as they are the manifestation of ones character and desires. He suggests that us as persons unconsciously judge insides on four separate bump off account criterias, in paraphernalia to how the entourages look at face value.He farther explains the inquiries of each value standards as followsFunction leave this point suit your demands? Is the kitchen tabular array large plenty to sit your whole household? give this flooring cover the full country of the room?Exchange Is this point worth the monetary value? Would you instead have this remarkable high-end sofa for R15, 000 or a whole sleeping room suite for the same monetary value?Symbolic Does this point have an emotional fond regard? Did you take a aggregation of household exposures for your decor or a print of a picture? feature Does this point have a peculiar position symbol? Is it a reveal trade name or a generic? ( Jean Baudrillard, 2007 ) .Interior design is approximately much more than planing for aesthetic visual aspect. It has to see communicating and the cardinal user experience how infinites work how they deliver a message and how persons reply to this when carry oning their day-to-day lives and even how people move about infinite and interact with objects or people. When within popular design civilization, people consider the expression of architecture the true significance of infinites a nd topographic points is essential by interior specializers. These are people with the ability to unite technology, building, art and psychological science in making infinites they must see the basic proviso of spacial design.Interior design requires cognition of remove edifice ordinances, wellness and safety statute law, undertaking planning and proficient specifications, all applied in a originative manner to bring forth an environment, all of the above demands to be taken into contemplation when making successful designs.Undertaking BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATIONThe writers ultimate end of the below research papers is to set up the value of interior interior decorators and the impact they make in the environments we as persons reside in.AIM AND OBJECTIVESThe purpose of the following(prenominal) research paper is to set up the influence of an interior infinite on the human mind, the impressiveness of interior interior decorators, the procedures of interior design and the results o f a well-designed inside.Survey DEFINEDThis research papers will be establish on research done digitally, diaries, published articles and books, encapsulating relevant training to that of the subject illustrated above, illustrations will be provided verificatory statement given along with illustrations and appendices.RESEARCH STATEMENTThe importance of interior design and the consequence it has on the human mind along with how interior design influences an person to the point of making self-actualisation.RESEARCH SCOPE, LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTSInterior design has been around for centuries and has played a critical function in exposing societal position, a sense of comfort and a persons single(a)ity, it is nevertheless likely in research done therefore far that the importance interior design has on an individuals mental wellbeing and verve, has non been defined in great item. A general deficiency of information on the benefits interior design possesses and the impact it has in an individuals day-to-day lives has become evident.DESIGN SCOPE, LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTSThe writer has found within the research done that an individuals environing inside does non merely impact their productiveness and temper but their thought procedures and even their physical wellbeing and wellness. The lighter and more unfastened the infinite, the more easy one can go focussed, the darker more congested the infinite the more one can experience overwhelmed or even trapped. Biophilic design can cut down emphasis, enhance creativeness and uncloudedness of idea, better our wellbeing and promote healing as the universe population continues to urbanise, these qualities are of all clock more of import. Theorists, research scientists, and design practicians have been working for decennaries to specify facets of nature that most impact our gaiety with the built environment The ( Terrapin brilliantly green, 2014 ) . The survey of biophilic design will be farther explored througho ut the research paper.DEFINITION OF TERMSInterior design- the art or occupation of be aftering how the suites of a edifice should be furnished and decoratedBiophilic Design- is an modernistic manner of planing the topographic points where we live, work, and learn. We need nature in a deep and cardinal manner, but we have frequently designed our metropoliss and suburbs in ways that both degrade the environment and estrange us from nature.BibliographyDictionary. 2015. Interior design Definition and more from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. ONLINE Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/interior % 20design. Accessed 19 March 2015 .2015. An interior interior decorator has a direct influence on the topographic points and infinites we occupy Magazines Student The Independent. ONLINE Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.independent.co.uk/student/magazines/an-interior-designer-has-a-direct-influence-on-the-places-and-spaces-we -occupy-760044.html. Accessed 19 March 2015 .2015. what is biophilic design? Google Search. ONLINE Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.google.co.za/search? q=what+is+biophilic+design % 3F & A ie=utf-8 & amp oe=utf-8 & A aq=t & A rls=org.mozilla en-US unofficial & A client=firefox & A channel=nts & A gfe_rd=cr & A ei=BPEKVeS8BIiP7AbIq4G4BA rls=org.mozilla en-US unofficial & A channel=nts & A q=biophilic+design. Accessed 19 March 2015 .2015. Interior design Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. ONLINE Available at hypertext transfer protocol //www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/interior % 20design. Accessed 19 March 2015 . extensionChapter 1 Literature reappraisalChapter 2 Research theoryChapter 3 Findingss supported by relevant researchChapter 4 Designs conceptual developmentDecision