Model of Justice in Platos The Republic Essay - 1705 Words

Model of Justice in Platos The Republic In what is perhaps his most well-known text, The Republic, Plato explores the fundamental concept of justice, how it is observed in the world, and its application to the lives of men. When he identifies the good in Book VI, which is reality and knowledge in their true forms, Plato also describes the visual world of shadows and false reality that people perceive and is cast by the sun. What follows from these definitions is that, while justice is a concept that exists autonomously from injustice and other fleeting conditions, injustice requires justice to be a medium for it to exist, develop, and spread itself. While it might be intuitive to a person that there is a†¦show more content†¦Though the whole of The Republic is an investigation of what justice is, the relationship between it and justice is derived from the virtue of sophrosyne. This quality of moderation and balance in a person is what Plato considers essential to the just man. He explains, â€Å"The reality is that justice is not a matter of external behavior but the way a man privately and truly governs his inner self. The just man does not permit the various parts of his soul to interfere with one another or usurp each other’s functions. He has set his own life in order.† (Plato, 137) That which is good withstands external pressures so that its essential quality is unchanged. Similarly, the just man is identified not by that which we visually observe about him, but the integrity of his internal composure. We have determined, therefore, that it is what is good about the just man that ma kes him just. Having established this point about the just person, it is sensible to consider the conditions under which a person becomes unjust. The development of injustice in the individual occurs when we do not have the internal balance that is indicative of a just person, but rather are excessive in some aspect of our psychology. Our psychology is based on three aspects of the soul which determine how a person will think and behave. Plato explains, â€Å"†¦[T]he soul is composed of at least two distinct parts. One is the reasoning part. The otherShow MoreRelatedPersonal Philosophy : Al Farabi1684 Words   |  7 Pagespractical use of philosophy is a major concern, and while the majority of his philosophy has been influenced by Aristotelian ethics, his practical philosophy is more closely related to Plato. Plato’s Republic is slightly similar to Al Farabi in the way they categorize philosophy and their concepts of justice. Al Farabi thought that philosophy was both a theoretical and practical discipline. The philosophers who do not apply this to practical reasons are referred to as futile phil osophers. Al FarabiRead MoreThe Ideal Society As Suggested By Plato993 Words   |  4 Pagesnatural skills. 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This essay will analyse the possible implications of this on the question of what constitutes an idealRead MorePlato s View On Morality And Justice875 Words   |  4 PagesPlato’s Republic proposes a number of intriguing theories, ranging from his contemporary view of ethics to political idealism. It is because of Plato’s emerging interpretations that philosophers still refer to Plato’s definitions of moral philosophy as a standard. Plato’s possibly most argued concept could be said to be the analogy between city and soul in Book IV, partially due to his expansive analysis of justice and the role justice plays in an â€Å"ideal city,† which has some key flaws. Despite theseRead MorePlato’s View of Division of Labor in Plato’s Republic Essay994 Words   |  4 PagesPlat o’s view of division of labour is divided into three types of peoples’ task in life which are workers as farmers, military type and guardians. 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I would much rather liveRead MoreThe Republic Essay1514 Words   |  7 PagesThe Republic Plato was born around the year 428 BCE into an established Athenian household with a history of political connections -- including distant relations to both Solon and Pisistratus. Platos parents were Ariston and Perictone, his older brothers were Adeimantus and Glaucon, and his younger sister was Potone. In keeping with his family heritage, Plato was destined for the political life. But the Peloponnesian War, which began a couple of years before he was born and continued untilRead MoreEssay on Platos Republic981 Words   |  4 PagesPlatos Republic Plato, one of the most ingenious and powerful thinkers in Western philosophy, born around 425 B.C. Plato investigated a wide range of topics. Dominant among his ideas is an immense discourse called The Republic. The main focus of Plato is a perfect society. He outlines a utopian society, out of his disapproval for the tension of political life. Plato lived through the Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC), in which much of Greece was devastated. This created poverty and political confusionRead MoreHarmony Within The City And Soul922 Words   |  4 PagesHarmony within the city and soul Plato’s Republic proposes numerous, intriguing theories ranging from political idealism to his contemporary view of ethics. It is because of Plato’s emerging interpretations that philosophers still refer to Plato’s definitions of moral philosophy as a standard, universally. Plato’s most argued concept could be said to be the analogy between city and soul in Book IV, and I will discuss how this could possibly due to key flaws in his assumptions, as well as failureRead MoreThe Application of Platos Justice in Contemporary Society1913 Words   |  8 PagesApplication of Plato’s Justice in Contemporary Society â€Å"The result, then, is that more plentiful and better-quality goods are more easily produced if each person does one thing for which he is naturally suited, does it at the right time, and is released from having to do any of the others† (Sayers 21) Despite an existing definition of justice prior to his philosophical works, Plato spent much of his life challenging that definition and introducing his own. He used his famous work The Republic to define

Tax Policy in Nigeria - 2265 Words

INTRODUCTION A tax policies represent key resource allocator between the public and private sectors in a country. It is usually imposed on individuals and entity that make up a country. The funds provided by tax are used by the states to support certain state obligations such as education systems, health care systems, pensions for the elderly, unemployment benefits, and public transportation. A nation’s tax system is often a reflection of its communal values or the values of those in power. To create a system of taxation, a nation must make choices regarding the distribution of the tax burden-who will pay taxes and how much they will pay-and how the taxes collected will be spent. In Nigeria, the taxation system dates back to 1904†¦show more content†¦CHALLENGES OF THE DRAFT NATIONAL TAX POLICY A thorough examination of the current national taxation policy reveal that it is comprehensive when compared with earlier attempts at designing a policy. However, there are some perceived challenges that this draft is likely going to face because of the experiences of past taxation laws. These challenges are as follows: †¢ Administrative Challenge. Experience has shown that the institutional capacity to administer taxes effectively is woefully lacking in this country. Procedures, reinforced by third party audits, appear to ensure that taxes are paid and received albeit with potentially serious and costly internal lags. However, Nigeria lacks capacity to assess the reasonableness of the returns submitted by taxpayers, including costs and staffing, skills, pay scales, and other funding, and computer and Information Technology (IT) infrastructure. Meanwhile the current draft has not put in place an administrative strategy. †¢ Compliance Challenges. 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CENTRAL ARKANSAS BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE †A BUSINESS PROPOSAL Essay Example For Students

CENTRAL ARKANSAS BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE – A BUSINESS PROPOSAL Essay CENTRAL ARKANSAS BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE Business Intelligence (BI), what is it? Why is BI important to the small business owner? More importantly, why is should a small business hire someone to help analyze their â€Å"data†. What can a consultant know about a Used Car Dealership, Fast Food restaurant, or a Law Office? That question while relevant is not a question that will be answer within this proposal. This proposal will focus on how Central Arkansas Business Intelligence, through â€Å"Data Analysis† and â€Å"BI Tools† can and will help any business, small or large, in Central Arkansas become a â€Å"Data Aware† business. However what does the term Data Awareness mean within the scope of a business practices, this proposal shall use a combined definition from the National Data Awareness Project Website; â€Å"In the 21st Century, electronically stored information data has become the currency of US commerce, civil administration, and cultural and scientific innovation† , a nd from Encarta Dictionary, â€Å"Data, information, often in the form of facts or figures obtained from experiments or surveys, used as a basis for making calculations or drawing conclusions.†, also from Encarta â€Å"Aware, well informed about what is going on in the world or about the latest developments in a sphere of activity. † So the final definition: Being Data Aware is the understanding the relationships between different and diverse sections of one business through the use of data analysis, sound business practices, and the use of business intelligence tools. Marketing being a key factor to any business’ success or failure will be accomplished on multiple fronts. With a limited budget to being with a marketing plan will be based on â€Å"viral† marketing. A simple defin. .m IT management Company Little Rock Arkansas Information Technology Consulting Firm: http://www. edafio.com Butram System Engineering. (2000, July 06). Butram RPG Software Development and Consulitng. Retrieved March 2, 2010, from Butram RPG Software Development and Consulitng: http://www.butram. com/index.html Information Week Analytic. (2009). Next-GEn BI is Here. InfromationWeek. Loshin, D. (2009). Master Data Management. Burlington: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. Milton, M. (2009). Head First Data Analysis. Beijing: OReilly. National Data Awareness Project. (2006, 12 06). Retrieved 03 06, 2010, from National Data Awareness Project: http://ndap.datainstitute.org/portal/index. php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=13 Softshoe Technology, Inc. (2010, March 2). Retrieved March 2, 2010, from Softshoe Technology, Inc: http://www.softshoetech.com/ssweb/main.cfm

Sex Without Love Essay Example

Sex Without Love Essay Dr. White Sintimacy Sex Without Love was written by Sharon Olds in 1984. Olds approaches her audience by beginning the poem with a blunt question: How do they do it, the ones who make love/ without love? (1-2) This is a relatively short poem of only twenty-four lines, but it is a very rich poem in that Olds uses a number of ordinary images to create an elaborate vision of two people having sex without feelings for each other. Olds does not leave the audience with a straight answer to the question even after people generally have conflicting views on this issue. Her sarcastic tone helps convey that sex can happen whether men and women love each other or not, but if it is without love then the two partners have temporarily escaped from the truth. As readers follow through Oldss description of images, we can sense the poets thoughts on sex between lovers and sex between loveless lovers. Olds expresses early in the poem that loveless sex is somewhat degrading. Her initial question of how loveless lovers can do it carries a negative tone. This is similar to someone asking his or her friend how they could betray them. Olds does not approve of this act because it is cold and not thought out. Then Olds flips the switch when she says beautiful as dancers,/ gliding over each other like ice-skaters (2-3). Now, she is showing that sex can be somewhat graceful for the partners. This metaphor of the ice skaters feels easy and delicate. Then again, ice-skaters are performers. They put on a show that appears elegant and happy, whether the performers are pleased or not. So, sex can be appealing to partners who have feelings for each other and to partners who do not. After creating the visual of sex, Olds unexpectedly mentions a mother giving her newborn away after giving birth: faces/ red as steak, wine, wet as the/ children at birth, whose mothers are going to/ give them away (5-8). Here, she is implying one of the possible results of sex between loveless lovers. They are not thinking of what can happen because of this act, and therefore sex without love is rash and careless. Partners are not thinking of their mental state or surroundings. They are absorbed in the temporary physical pleasure. Olds is depicting the disturbing nature of sex by referring to this kind  of abandonment. We will write a custom essay sample on Sex Without Love specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sex Without Love specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sex Without Love specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer She is trying to show us that the nature of sex can be impersonal and unhealthy if it is done casually. However, some partners understand that having a child is a positive and happy part of their lives. They know that sex is also procreation between a man and woman. Whether the couple loves each other or not, they can still have sex and handle the consequences. A consequence does not necessarily mean a negative outcome; it simply means the outcome. Olds further describes the vision of sex by including strong attachment between partners during sex: fingers hooked/ inside each others bodies (4-5). This image is very objective, and it can happen between any two lovers whether they actually love each other or not. Olds  also  questions how  two partners reach that climactic point in sex: How do they come to the/ come to the God come to the/ still waters (8-10). This is the second time she begins the question using the phrase How do they. Again, she is implying a negative tone like how someone questions a friend on how they could betray him or her. On the other hand, lovers eventually reach that climactic point anyway: How do they come to the till waters, and not love/ the one who came there with them (8-11). What about the lovers who actually do? A couple who feels for each other mentally can orgasm just as like partners who do not. Sex is the closest physical union of two bodies, and it can happen between any two people. The excitement, the act, the exhaustion – these can all happen to any two partners. Then Olds discusses the religious aspect of sex without love. She refers to friends with benefits, or â€Å"loveless lovers† as purists who are determined that they are experiencing pleasure from themselves ultimately, not from their partner. Purists who love their priest more than God are the ones who find themselves as the lovers: â€Å"These are the true religious,/ the purists, the pros, the ones who will not/ accept a false Messiah, love the/ priest instead of the God† (13-16) Recognizing God is analogous to someone recognizing his or her sexual partner while making love. Worshipping one’s God or religion should be consistent, not contradictory. Olds believes that sex can be unhealthy if it is done just for him or herself and not for pleasing the other partner. She then describes this image as runners: â€Å"they are like great runners: they know they are alone/ with the road surface, the cold, the wind,/ the fit of their shoes, their over-all cardio/ vascular healthjust factors† (18-21) When professional runners are running in a tournament or marathon, they are focused on one idea – their personal achievement. They make sure they are healthy enough for this sole purpose. Whatever workouts they do, whatever weather or condition they are running in, they are doing so for themselves. Olds is comparing loveless lovers to runners because they are isolated from the world, just as loveless lovers have no emotional attachment to each other. However, running for personal solitude is not a negative point. Some runners may actually be running for a cause. For instance, a runner may run a mile or two for Cancer awareness or for some other cause that will benefit himself and others. He or she is not focused on pleasing himself because he is aware of others around him who need help and fulfillment as well. Similarly, two sexual partners may be having sex to fulfill their own needs and their partner’s. Sex Without Love† suggests to readers that the actual act of sex without love is shameful and unfavorable. Many religious beliefs also do not support loveless sex because it can be hurtful to a person’s soul. It is simply a brief moment of pleasure that is sinful because another person is involved that has no emotional understanding with them. However, this poem also encourages readers to think about how two partners can actually go through this physical process of sex and possibly do it again. Men and women can be physically intimate with each other despite not having a mental closeness with each other.